Montenegro’s progress in EU accession: Positive report and future challenges

At the Intergovernmental Conference in Brussels at the end of June, Montenegro received a favorable report on the fulfillment of temporary benchmarks in the rule of law chapters (IBAR). This endorsement from all EU member states marks a crucial advancement in Montenegro’s EU accession journey. The positive report underscores the successful adoption of laws and strategic documents related to Chapters 23 and 24, affirming Montenegro’s alignment with EU standards in areas such as rule of law, judiciary, and fundamental rights.

The positive IBAR signifies that Montenegro has met the final benchmarks for Chapters 23 and 24, which are critical for further progress. Chapter 23’s benchmarks involve judicial reform, anti-corruption measures, and human rights protections, while Chapter 24 focuses on combating organized crime and ensuring effective migration and border control policies. Achieving these benchmarks confirms Montenegro’s adherence to EU norms and sets the stage for the next steps in the accession process.

Montenegro is currently the only candidate country to receive a positive IBAR under the revised EU accession methodology introduced in 2020. This methodology, which includes stricter criteria and evaluations, underscores Montenegro’s commitment and progress in meeting new EU requirements.

The positive IBAR allows Montenegro to begin closing individual chapters of the EU accession process, a significant step as it has already closed three chapters since 2017. This achievement reflects progress after previous stagnations and negative reports. However, the EU’s message is clear: Montenegro must maintain its focus and dedication to reforms to continue advancing in its EU integration.

In the first half of 2024, Montenegro made significant strides in aligning its domestic legislation with EU standards, adopting numerous laws and strategic documents essential for closing negotiation chapters. According to the Ministry of European Affairs, Montenegro implemented 50 out of 102 obligations outlined in the 2024-2027 EU Accession Program, and adopted 28 laws and 28 by-laws, marking notable progress.

Montenegro’s reform efforts have also been supported by financial assistance. In July, the Western Balkan Investment Framework (WBIF) approved an investment package worth EUR 1.22 billion for the region. Montenegro received EUR 75.9 million in EU grants, covering environmental protection and technical support projects. This financial support aims to bolster economic development, improve water infrastructure, and enhance regional connectivity.

Additionally, Montenegro secured a EUR 100 million grant for highway construction, which will improve traffic infrastructure and regional integration. The project also offers an opportunity for renewed collaboration with Chinese companies, leveraging past experiences for future infrastructure developments.

The Growth Plan for Western Balkans, adopted this year, allocated EUR 383.5 million to Montenegro, focusing on improving the business environment, digital and green transition, human capital, and fundamental rights. Montenegro is expected to submit its final Reform Agenda by August, which will determine the disbursement of further funds and support.

The positive IBAR is a significant milestone for Montenegro, reflecting its progress and commitment to EU integration. Continued dedication to reforms and stability in government will be crucial for advancing through the accession process and successfully implementing investment projects. Political stability and a focused commitment to EU criteria will be essential for Montenegro to maintain its momentum and secure further integration into the European Union.